Hubungan antara Pola Kepemimpinan Kyai dengan Perilaku Asertif Santri
The Relationship Between Kyai’s Leadership Patterns and Students’ Assertive Behavior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v6i1.398Keywords:
Kyai leadership, assertive behavior, Islamic boarding school (pesantren), Kepemimpinan kyai, perilaku asertif, pesantrenAbstract
The passive obedience of santri to kyai in Indonesian pesantren often hinders their critical thinking and assertiveness, raising concerns about the development of their cognitive and social skills. Drawing on Bass and Avolio’s transformational and transactional leadership theories and Rathus and Nevis’s assertiveness theory, this study examines the relationship between kyai leadership patterns and santri assertive behavior in modern and salaf pesantren. A quantitative approach was used, employing validated scales with 410 santri from Pondok Pesantren Nurul Islam (modern) and Al-Inaroh (salaf) in East Java. Data were analyzed using linear regression. Results showed a significant positive relationship between transformational leadership and assertive behavior in modern pesantren (r=0.272, p<0.05), but no significant relationship for transactional leadership in modern pesantren or for either leadership style in salaf pesantren. It is concluded that transformational leadership enhances santri assertiveness only in modern pesantren contexts. Future research should extend to other educational institutions and include additional relevant variables.
Kepatuhan pasif santri kepada kyai di pesantren Indonesia sering menghambat kemampuan berpikir kritis dan perilaku asertif mereka, sehingga menimbulkan kekhawatiran tentang perkembangan kognitif dan sosial. Berdasarkan teori kepemimpinan transformasional dan transaksional dari Bass dan Avolio serta teori asertif dari Rathus dan Nevis, penelitian ini bertujuan menguji hubungan pola kepemimpinan kyai dengan perilaku asertif santri di pesantren modern dan salaf. Metode kuantitatif digunakan dengan skala teruji pada 410 santri dari Pondok Pesantren Nurul Islam (modern) dan Al-Inaroh (salaf) di Jawa Timur. Data dianalisis dengan regresi linear. Hasil menunjukkan hubungan positif signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan perilaku asertif di pesantren modern (r=0,272, p<0,05), namun tidak ada hubungan signifikan untuk kepemimpinan transaksional di pesantren modern maupun kedua gaya kepemimpinan di pesantren salaf. Kesimpulannya, kepemimpinan transformasional meningkatkan asertivitas santri hanya dalam konteks pesantren modern. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan melibatkan institusi pendidikan lain dan variabel tambahan.
Downloads
References
Acocella, J.R, & Calhoun,J.F. 1995. Psychology of Adjustment and Human Relationships. New York : Mc graw-Hill
Arrоба, T.S & James, K. 1992. Pressure at Work- A Survival Guide For Managers. London : Mc Graw-Hill Book Company
As’ad, M. 1983. Kepemimpinan Efektif dalam Perusahaan, Suatu Pendekatan Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Liberty
Avolio, B.J. 1993. Transformational Leadership in A Management. Game Simulation Group & Organization Studie. Vol, 13. no. 1, 59-80
Azwar, S. 1999. Metode Penelitian. Cet . IV. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar
Bass, B.M. 1985. Leadership And Performance Beyond Expectation. New York : The Free Press
Brnard, P. 1992. Effective Communication Skills For Health Professionals. London : Chapman & Hall
Chirzin, M.H. Agama dan Ilmu dalam Pesantren. Jakarta : Pustaka LP3ES
Deluga, R.J. 1998. Relationship of Transformational and Transactional Leadership With Employed Influencing Strategies Group And Organizational Studies, Vol. 13. No. 4, 456-467
Fersterheim, H. & Baer, J. 1995. Jangan Bilang Ya bila Anda Akan Mengatakan Tidak. Terjemah. Jakarta : Gunung Jati
Halim,A. Dkk. 2005. Manejemen Pesantren. Yokyakarta : Pustaka Pesantren.
Horney, P. 1993. Improve Your People Skills. London : Institute of Personnel Management
Humaidi, M. 2005. Pemimpin dan Kepemimpinan (Perilaku Organisasi, Perilaku Administrasi). FISIF, Jember : Yayasan Pendidikan Pancasila.
Koh, W.L Steers. R.M. & Terbong, J.R. 1995. The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Teacher Attitudes and Student Performance in Singapore. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 16. 319-333
Kosim. 2006. Pesantren dan Wacana Radikalisme. Pamekasan : Jurnal Karsa Studi Keislaman, Vol IX No.I April 2006.
Mastuhu. 1994. Dinamika Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren. Jakarta :INIS
Neuman, W.L. 2000. Social Research Methods. Allyn and Bacon, Boston
Rahardjo, D.M. 1995. Dunia Pesantren dalam Peta Pembaharuan. Jakarta : Pustaka LP3ES
Rathus, S.A. & Nevid, J.S. 1980. Behavior Therapy Strategies for Solving Problem in Living. New York : The New American Library. Inc
Reputrawati, A. 1996. “Hubungan Antara Assertivitas dengan Kreativitas pada Remaja SMA Suku Jawa”. Skripsi. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Psikologi UGM.
Schartz, R.M.& Gottman, J.M. 1976. “Toward A Task Analysis of Assertive Behaviour”. Journal of Counselling and Clinical Psychology, 44. 910-920
Sue, D Ino.S & Sue, M. 1983. “Non Assertiveness of Asian American : An Inaccurate Assumption?”. journal of Counseling Psychology, 30, 581-588
Sukamto. 1999. Kepemimpinan Kyai dalam Pesantren. Cet I. Jakarta: Pustaka LP3ES.
Suryabrata, S. 2000. Pengembangan Alat Ukur Psikologis. Andi Offset, Yogyakarta.
Terry, G.R. 1954. Priciples of Management. Illinois : Richard Home Wood
Wood, P.S & Mallinc Krodt. B. 1990. “Culturally Sensitive Assertiveness Training for Ethnic Minority Clients”. Journal of Professional Psychology. Research and Practice 21 (1), 5-11
Yukl. 1997. Organizational Behaviour And Personal Psychology. Illinois : Richard Homewood
Yukl. 1998. Organizational Behaviour And Personal Psychology. Illinois : Richard Homewood
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2007 Fuadatul Huroniyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
