International Laws Regulating Human Rights in Business Operations in Uganda: Issues and Challenges
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v23i2.188Keywords:
International, Law, Human Rights, Business, Hak asasi manusiaAbstract
Human rights in business involve the respect of employees, communities, and other stakeholders. Though these rights are guaranteed by international laws, however, there seems to be a gridlock concerning the implementation, and enforcement in the business environment. Hence, this study adopts a hybrid method of study concerning the challenges of implementation and enforcement of international laws as they concern human rights in business. 302 questionnaires were distributed to respondents residing in Uganda, the data obtained were analyzed through descriptive and analytical approaches. The study found that there are international laws that tend to provide for and regulate human rights in business. However, there are legal and socio-economic challenges concerning the implementation and enforcement of these laws. These in essence negate fair labor practices, and respect for cultural and indigenous rights in place of business. It was therefore concluded and recommended that for effective sustenance and protection of human rights in a business, there is a need for effective implementation and enforcement of those rights provided for by international laws.
Hak asasi manusia (HAM) dalam bisnis mewajibkan adanya penghormatan terhadap hak-hak karyawan, masyarakat, dan pihak-pihak terkait yang memiliki kepentingan. Meskipun hak-hak ini dijamin oleh hukum internasional, namun, tampaknya ada kebuntuan terkait implementasi dan penegakan hukum di bidang aktivitas bisnis. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum campuran mengenai tantangan implementasi dan penegakan hukum internasional yang berkaitan dengan HAM dalam bisnis. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner yang disebarkan dan melibatkan 302 responden di Uganda. Data yang diperoleh dalam kuisioner tersebut kemudian dianalisis melalui pendekatan deskriptif dan analitis. Penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa hukum internasional telah mengatur mengatur hak-hak asasi manusia dalam aktifitas bisnis. Namun, persoalan hukum dan sosial-ekonomi terkait implementasi dan penegakan hukum terhadapnya masih saja terjadi. Tantangan tersebut pada intinya berpotensi meniadakan praktik pemenuhan hak-hak di bidang ketenagakerjaan yang adil, dan penghormatan terhadap hak-hak budaya dan masyarakat adat di tempat bisnis. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan dan direkomendasikan bahwa demi keberlanjutan dan perlindungan HAM yang efektif dalam dunia bisnis, harus diupayakan penegakan dan pengimplementasian hak-hak yang maksimal berkaitan dengan hak para pekerja dan pihak terkait sebagaimana telah diatur dalam instrument hukum HAM internasional.
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