Pemikiran Neo-Modernisme Abdurrahman Wahid tentang Islam dan Demokrasi pada Era Pasca-Orde Baru hingga Tahun 2007
Abdurrahman Wahid’s Neo-Modernist Thought on Islam and Democracy in the Post–New Order Era up to 2007
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35719/fenomena.v7i1.420Keywords:
Gus Dur, Neo-Modernism, Islam and Democracy, Neo-Modernisme, Islam dan DemokrasiAbstract
The crisis of modernity, rising religious exclusivism and intolerance, and the gap between religious ideals and social reality form the main background of the discourse on Islam and democracy in post-New Order Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative paradigm with Foucault’s critical hermeneutics, in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis to examine Abdurrahman Wahid’s neo-modernist thought. The findings reveal that Wahid views democracy as the only political choice compatible with Islamic values, rejects the formalization of an Islamic state, accepts Pancasila as the final ideology, and prioritizes pluralism and interreligious tolerance. In conclusion, Wahid’s neo-modernism offers a substantive, inclusive, and dialogical model of Islam-state relations grounded in morality and humanity. The recommendation emphasizes strengthening theological-spiritual and social-humanitarian dialogues to sustain national harmony.
Krisis modernitas, meningkatnya eksklusivisme dan intoleransi beragama, serta kesenjangan antara cita-cita agama dan realitas sosial menjadi latar belakang utama diskursus Islam dan demokrasi di Indonesia pasca Orde Baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma kualitatif dengan pendekatan hermeneutika kritis Foucault serta teknik wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, dan analisis dokumen untuk mengkaji pemikiran neo-modernisme Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gus Dur memandang demokrasi sebagai pilihan politik satu-satunya yang sejalan dengan nilai-nilai Islam, menolak formalisasi negara Islam, menerima Pancasila sebagai ideologi final, dan mengedepankan pluralisme serta toleransi antarumat beragama. Kesimpulannya, pemikiran neo-modernisme Gus Dur menawarkan model hubungan substantif antara Islam dan negara yang inklusif, dialogis, dan berorientasi pada moralitas serta kemanusiaan. Rekomendasinya, diperlukan penguatan dialog teologis-spiritual dan sosial-kemanusiaan untuk menjaga kerukunan nasional.
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