Kearifan Lokal dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Banjir Bandang dan Tanah Longsor di Kecamatan Panti, Kabupaten Jember

Local Wisdom in Disaster Management of Flash Floods and Landslides in Panti Subdistrict, Jember Regency

Disaster management is fundamentally a shared responsibility among all stakeholders. There are three pillars of disaster management actors: the government and local governments, communities, and the business sector. The roles of these three actors are regulated under Law No. 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management. However, the reality in Jember Regency, particularly in Panti Subdistrict, differs from expectations. Collaboration and coordination among the government, communities, and the business sector in disaster management have not been optimal. The limited capacity of the government to handle disasters has encouraged local communities to initiate disaster management based on local wisdom. These dual initiatives, from the government and the communities, sometimes form a synthesis of natural disaster management policies that are effective enough to reduce casualties and losses. Based on this background, the focus of this research is: how does local wisdom contribute to the management of flash floods and landslides in Panti Subdistrict, Jember Regency? The research focus includes: the implementation of flash flood and landslide disaster management; types of local wisdom in disaster management; and the impact of local wisdom on the prevention of flash floods and landslides in Panti Subdistrict, Jember Regency.

Pada dasarnya, penanggulangan bencana merupakan urusan semua pihak. Ada tiga pilar pelaku penanggulangan bencana, yaitu pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah, masyarakat, serta dunia usaha. Ketiga pelaku tersebut diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 24 Tahun 2007 tentang Penanggulangan Bencana. Namun, kenyataan yang terjadi di Kabupaten Jember, khususnya di Kecamatan Panti, berbeda dengan yang diharapkan. Relasi dan kerja sama dalam penanggulangan bencana antara pemerintah, masyarakat, dan dunia usaha belum berjalan optimal. Keterbatasan kemampuan pemerintah dalam menanggulangi bencana mendorong masyarakat setempat untuk menginisiasi penanggulangan bencana berbasis kearifan lokal (local wisdom). Dua inisiatif ini, dari pemerintah dan masyarakat, terkadang membentuk sintesis kebijakan penanggulangan bencana alam yang cukup efektif untuk mengurangi jumlah korban dan kerugian. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, fokus penelitian ini adalah: bagaimana kearifan lokal dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir bandang dan tanah longsor di Kecamatan Panti, Kabupaten Jember? Fokus penelitian mencakup: implementasi penanggulangan bencana banjir bandang dan tanah longsor; jenis-jenis kearifan lokal dalam penanggulangan bencana; serta dampak kearifan lokal terhadap pencegahan bencana banjir bandang dan tanah longsor di Kecamatan Panti, Kabupaten Jember.