Peace Building Berbasis Komunitas: Telaah Deskriptif tentang Model Penyelesaian Konflik antar Warga NU dan Muhammadiyah di Wilayah Gresik, Jawa Timur

Community-Based Peacebuilding: A Descriptive Study on Conflict Resolution Models between Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah Members in Gresik, East Java

Abstract

Identity-based conflicts between religious communities, such as NU and Muhammadiyah, often trigger social tension, intolerance, and discrimination, undermining social harmony. Formal and elite-driven conflict resolution approaches frequently fail to address local root causes. This study aims to describe community-based peacebuilding efforts and identify local values fostering harmony between NU and Muhammadiyah members in Duduk Sampeyan District, Gresik, East Java. Employing an inductive-empirical qualitative design, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings reveal that peacebuilding was pursued through the establishment of a joint community forum, formulation of shared vision and mission, and capacity building via community development programs. The most significant finding is that peace can be realized through implementing locally grounded programs, including organic farming, animal manure composting, and clean water provision. The study concludes that community-based approaches addressing socioeconomic issues are more effective in overcoming ideological conflicts. Recommendations emphasize strengthening community forums and collaborative problem-solving as sustainable strategies.

Konflik antar komunitas berbasis identitas keagamaan seperti NU dan Muhammadiyah kerap menimbulkan ketegangan sosial, intoleransi, dan diskriminasi yang mengancam kerukunan. Pendekatan resolusi konflik yang bersifat elitis dan formal seringkali tidak menyentuh akar masalah lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan upaya perdamaian berbasis komunitas serta mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai lokal yang membangun harmoni antara warga NU dan Muhammadiyah di Kecamatan Duduk Sampeyan, Gresik, Jawa Timur. Dengan menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif induktif-empiris, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan diskusi kelompok terfokus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya perdamaian ditempuh melalui pembentukan forum warga bersama, perumusan visi-misi kolektif, dan penguatan kapasitas anggota melalui program pengembangan masyarakat. Temuan terpenting adalah bahwa perdamaian dapat terwujud melalui implementasi program kerja berbasis kebutuhan lokal, seperti pengembangan pertanian organik, pembuatan kompos dari kotoran hewan, dan pengadaan air bersih. Kesimpulannya, pendekatan berbasis komunitas yang menyentuh isu sosial-ekonomi lebih efektif mengatasi konflik ideologis. Rekomendasi penelitian mendorong penguatan forum warga dan penyelesaian masalah bersama sebagai strategi berkelanjutan.